The+Cold+War-+The+Early+Years



C opy this page onto a new page in your online notebook. To get an overview of the origins of the Cold War, begin by reading __[|Allies to Enemies: Origins of the Cold War]__ from ABC-CLIO. **Use pages 794-799 in //Creating America // and ** **__[|“The Cold War” research list on ABC-CLIO]__ ** **to ** **develop a complete description ** **for each event or idea from the early years of the Cold War. ** **This information will help set the stage for tomorrow's activity. Use the first entry as an example for detail. **
 * **THE YALTA CONFERENCE ** * Meeting near the end of WWII - big 3 meet to discuss post war Europe


 * Germany will be divided, controlled by the Allies

The trial of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg for conspiracy to commit espionage in wartime under the Espionage Act of 1917
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 90%;">Liberated Eastern European countries will have new elections
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 90%;">United Nations will be formed
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 90%;">USSR is given great influence over Eastern Europe, and new government must be "Soviet freindly"
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 90%;">the roots of the Cold War are established ||< [[image:turningpoints2010:yalta.jpg width="299" height="227" align="center" caption="yalta.jpg"]] ||
 * < [[image:turningpoints2010:un.gif align="center" caption="un.gif"]] ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">THE UNITED NATIONS ** * Created after WW2
 * Attempt to stablize relations and create peace
 * Served as a "watch dog" for 50 years
 * Main goal is "to maintain international peace and security".
 * Started by FDR, containing about 50 countries
 * Was created to settle disputes by peacful means
 * There are many different parts that make up the UN
 * All countries need to contibute to the budget- ranging in the 25%'s to 0.01%. Some countries cannot always contibute, leading to debt ||
 * < <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">CONTAINMENT ** * The US's response to communism in 1947
 * It is meant to keep a country from expanding the idological influences
 * Prevent expansion by the means of "political, economic, and diplomatic methods" ||< [[image:turningpoints2010:kennan.jpg width="281" height="218" align="center" caption="kennan.jpg"]] ||
 * < [[image:turningpoints2010:truman.jpg align="center" caption="truman.jpg"]] ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">THE TRUMAN DOCTRINE ** * This was the foreign policy doctrine for the United States in the early days of the cold war layed out by Truman.
 * Mandated an active role for the United States in containing the spread of communism around the world
 * Laid the groundwork for the Marshall Plan, which extended similar aid to all of Western Europe
 * The victory helped the US think that their ideas and will should be spread to other less fortunate countries around the world.
 * He says that we have to continue to help the countries so the money we spent in WW2 does not seem pointless ||
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">THE MARSHALL PLAN ** * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 90%;">This was an economic aid to Europe.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 90%;">This was proposed by secretary pf State George Marshall. He hope to stablize Europe through this and protect it against communism.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 90%;">From the years 1948 and 1952, 17 European countries recieved money from the Marshall Plan.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 90%; vertical-align: auto;">The goal was to limit Soviet influence in Western Europe during reconstuction.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 90%;">Marshall's Plan demonstrated the direct link between aid-supported economic development and pro-Western political stability
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 90%;">Marshall was awarded with a Noble Peace Prize for his work. ||< [[image:turningpoints2010:marshall.jpg align="center" caption="marshall.jpg"]] ||
 * < [[image:turningpoints2010:airlift.jpg width="344" height="261" align="center" caption="airlift.jpg"]] || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">THE BERLIN BLOCKADE AND AIRLIFT ** * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">The Berlin airlift provided the essential things for the people there to survive the 11-month blockade.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">The planes would drop the supplies while they flew over the area.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Berlin sat inside the Soviet-occupied portion of Germany, its western zones became a single isolated democratic island surrounded by communist territory.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">The Soviet Union responded in June 1948 by blockading all routes to West Berlin in an effort to push the western allies out. ||
 * < <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">NATO AND THE WARSAW PACT ** * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">The United States and European allies believed that a strong military and a united organization would keep the Soviets from attacking.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">NATO- North Atlantic Treaty Organization
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">The core idea that each member nation would treat an attack on any other member as an attack on itself, pretty much forming a huge alliance.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">US increased the amount of Neuclear weapons that it had
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Soviet Union formed the Warsaw Pact with its allies.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Soviets developed nuclear weapons too, so "the race for military dominance began". ||< [[image:turningpoints2010:nato.png width="241" height="286" align="center" caption="nato.png"]] ||
 * < [[image:turningpoints2010:19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg width="262" height="229" align="center" caption="19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg"]] ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">THE RED SCARE, THE ROSENBERGS, AND HUAC ** *
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">The Red scare refers to the irrational but rampant fear of communism that swept the United States twice during the 20th century. ||
 * < <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">COMMUNISM IN CHINA ** * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">The communist government was founded in 1948 under the leadership of Mao Zedong.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> the Communist Party dictates policy, with the government assuming responsibility of carrying out those policies.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">The Chinese Communist Party dominates both the government and the country's politics ||< [[image:turningpoints2010:PRCFounding.jpg align="center" caption="PRCFounding.jpg"]] ||
 * < [[image:turningpoints2010:korean67.gif width="221" height="225" align="center" caption="korean67.gif"]] ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">THE KOREAN WAR **

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">xxxxx
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">No need to take notes - you will have a different assignment and activity ** ||
 * < <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">MCCARTHYISM ** * Wisconsin senator
 * used the Korean war to speard fear on communism
 * Stands for the reckless chrages against innocent citizens who were belived to be communists ||< [[image:turningpoints2010:180px-Joseph_McCarthy.jpg align="center" caption="180px-Joseph_McCarthy.jpg"]] ||
 * < [[image:turningpoints2010:1sputnik.jpg width="201" height="225" align="center" caption="1sputnik.jpg"]] ||< <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">THE SPACE RACE ** * The US and Soviets exanded their space program during the cold war.
 * The USSR was the first to send up Sputnik, which started the space race
 * Us felt as if they could be attacked from outerspace by the USSR
 * But the US was the first to land a man on the Moon
 * This race was purely for being the technological superpower of the world. ||